Cotton Maturation and Defoliation
隐藏域元素占位
Cotton Maturation and Defoliation
Application of Regulators for Cotton Maturation and Defoliation
Ethephon
Ethylene is used for cotton ripening, and the period and dosage are equally important. The principles of use are as follows:
When using ethephon to ripen cotton, the selection of the medication period is very important, generally based on the following three points: 1. Most of the cotton bolls that need to be ripened reach 70% to 80% of the boll stage (boll age is over 45d), not too early, otherwise it will affect Cotton quality. ② After spraying, the maximum temperature should be above 20 ℃ for 3 to 5 days. Because ethephon needs a temperature above 20 °C in the cotton body to release ethylene quickly, and considering that the absorption and effect of ethephon takes several days, it should not be too late, otherwise it will affect the effect of ripening. ③ Generally, it can be mastered in the dry and frost period (northern cotton area) or before pulling cotton wood (multi-cropping cotton area) for 15 to 20 days. Because when the above conditions are met, the effect of ripening is generally seen 7 days after ethephon is used, and the peak of concentrated flocculation occurs at 10 to 15 days. The specific application date varies from place to place and should be used flexibly.
40% ethephon is used to ripen cotton, and the usage amount is generally 100-150mL per mu. The amount of water added can be adjusted according to the spraying method used. Manual spraying can use 20-30kg water, and motorized spraying can use 15-20kg water. The dosage can be adjusted according to the following conditions:
① Consider the period of use and the temperature. The concentration can be lower when the medication time is earlier and the temperature in autumn is high.
② Consider the arrangement of stubble. If you want to plant a season after harvesting, in order to reduce the stalk pulling of peach and the cotton stalk pulling in advance, it is required that 80% to 90% of cotton bolls spit within 15 to 20 days, and the concentration can be as high as 2000mg/L.
③ Look at the growth of cotton. Cotton grows early, the concentration can be lower; cotton grows later, the concentration should be larger. If the growth is good and can be used for late autumn peaches, the middle-lower and upper-middle bolls can be treated in layers and stages, with concentrations of 800-1200mg/L and 1200-1600mg/L respectively. After the ethephon is sprayed on cotton, it is absorbed and transported in the form of ethephon, and the output from bottom to top is generally low. Therefore, the spraying point emphasizes that the nozzle is from bottom to top, and the whole plant is evenly sprayed, so that the cotton bolls can be sprayed. In addition, the green bells after pulling cotton wood can also be ripened with ethephon to reduce the time of sun picking and improve the cotton grade. Generally, per 100kg of green bolls, use 200-300g of 40% ethephon, add 10kg of water, evenly spray the cotton bolls, stack them together, cover them with plastic film, start to crack in 5-7 days, and all flocs can be produced in 10-15 days.
Thidiazuron
When the bolls are more than 60% cracked, spray the stems and leaves with 10-20g/mu of thidiazuron (equivalent to 20-40g of 50% wettable powder), which can promote defoliation and improve the yield and quality of machine-picked cotton. The effect is better than ethylene, but The cost is slightly higher. The effect of spraying 20g+40% ethephon 120mL per mu with Thidiazuron 50% wettable powder is better and taking into account the cost. At present, this mixture is mostly used in Xinjiang cotton areas.
Thiabene·Diuron
The techniques used are slightly different in different regions.
①Xinjiang area, start to use 21d before harvesting, first use 15g540g/L Thiaphene·diuron suspending agent to dilute and spray, and then use 10-20g to dilute and spray after 7d.
②In other areas, when the cotton boll opening rate reaches more than 40%, spray the stems and leaves after diluting with 4.86-6.48g of active ingredients per mu, which can promote the defoliation of cotton and facilitate mechanical harvesting.
Enemy Benzene Ethephon
In the cotton ripening period (the first half month of the early frost period or when the flocculation rate is over 60%), 26-32.5g of active ingredients per acre is diluted and sprayed evenly on the front and back of the leaves, which can quickly promote cotton maturation and accelerate the withering of cotton leaves. The leaves fall quickly, the bolls crack and flock early, and the cotton quality can be improved and the yield can be increased.
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