Cyanamide 50 %AS
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隐藏域元素占位
Product features
Product Details
Cyanamide is a plant growth regulator that, compared to natural bud break, effectively enhances the uniformity of grape bud sprouting, promotes the number of sprouting buds, and accelerates the onset of sprouting, thereby serving to regulate grape growth.
CAS No.: 420-04-2
Molecular Formula: CN₂H₂
Relative Molecular Mass: 42.04
Toxicity: Moderately Toxic
Main Formulations: 30% and 50% Cyanamide Aqueous Solutions
Physicochemical Properties
Cyanamide appears as colourless, rhombic crystals and is highly hygroscopic. Its melting point is 45°C, boiling point is 83°C, and flash point is 141°C. In the temperature range of 0–30°C, its specific heat capacity is 2.29 kJ/(kg·°C). Cyanamide exhibits high solubility in water and is weakly acidic; consequently, acidic stabilisers must be added to its aqueous solutions during storage to maintain a pH level between 4.2 and 6.0. Furthermore, the solutions must be stored at low temperatures to prevent dimerisation reactions.
Functional Characteristics
Cyanamide effectively inhibits catalase activity within plants and accelerates the pentose phosphate pathway, thereby boosting the production of fundamental metabolic substances and acting as a growth regulator. Cyanamide is currently one of the most widely used dormancy-breaking agents; in regions where insufficient low-temperature accumulation occurs, its application can successfully break the natural dormancy of buds, enabling them to sprout normally.
Application Techniques
Grapes
Apply a 1%–2.5% cyanamide solution by spraying or brushing it onto the buds once, 30 to 45 days prior to natural bud break (or within 3 days after pruning under tropical conditions). This treatment effectively breaks dormancy—a practice particularly beneficial in regions lacking a cold winter climate, as well as for dormancy-prone grape varieties cultivated in heated greenhouses. Compared to natural bud break, this method significantly improves the uniformity of grape sprouting, increases the total number of sprouting buds, and accelerates the onset of bud break. **Peach**
Approximately 30 days prior to natural bud break, uniformly spraying the tree canopy with a 0.5%–1.7% cyanamide solution can effectively break the natural dormancy of nectarines; by the 25th day, the bud break rate for flower buds can reach 72.1%.
Blueberry
In solar greenhouse cultivation, uniformly spraying the tree canopy with a 0.67% cyanamide solution—either on the day heating begins or within two days before or after—can advance the onset of flower bud break. It accelerates leaf bud break by 36–41 days, resulting in more uniform flowering and vegetative growth. Fruit maturation is advanced by 23–27 days; additionally, both the percentage of branches with sprouting leaf buds and the leaf bud sprouting rate per individual branch are significantly increased. The incidence of branch scorching remains below 1%, while fruit set rates and average fruit weight increase significantly, thereby enhancing both yield and fruit quality.
Cherry
Approximately 30 days prior to bud break, spraying the branches with a 2% cyanamide solution not only breaks dormancy and advances phenological stages by 5–10 days but also increases the fruit set rate by 11%–20%.
Jujube
Following branch pruning, applying a 2.5% cyanamide solution to the fruit-bearing spurs of red jujube trees promotes dormancy breaking and bud sprouting. This advances the bud break period by 12–17 days and the fruit maturation period by 10–12 days, thereby significantly boosting cultivation profitability.
Plum
In solar greenhouse plum cultivation, uniformly spraying the entire tree canopy with a 0.5%–0.8% cyanamide solution—either on the day heating begins or within two days before or after—can advance the bud break and full bloom periods by 3–11 days, and the fruit maturation period by 3–8 days. Furthermore, this treatment ensures uniform flowering and a concentrated blooming period.
Fig
In greenhouse fig cultivation, a single full-plant spray application of a 1.6% cyanamide solution—performed 30–45 days prior to natural bud break—can advance bud break by 10–15 days. Additionally, it lowers the nodal position at which the first fruits appear, thereby helping to ensure a high yield per unit area.
Precautions
① Technical-grade cyanamide is highly unstable and toxic to humans and animals.
② Cyanamide should be applied on a sunny day during the mid-to-late stage of the dormancy period.
③ Cyanamide lacks systemic activity; therefore, whether applied via spraying or bud-wiping, the solution must ensure complete coverage.
④ Excessive concentrations of cyanamide can lead to a reduced bud-break rate; in severe cases, this may result in bud necrosis, a decrease in flowering volume, and a decline in the fruit-setting rate.
Applicable Crop
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